The Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee is one of four currently recognized subspecies of the common chimpanzee. It probably separated from the western chimpanzee millions of years ago. It is the world's most threatened and least common subspecies of chimpanzee and is listed as endangered by the IUCN.

The Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees live in families of 6-10 animals and form communities of up to 35 individuals. They have a relatively high nest density with 33.3 nests per km2. Half of the diet of pan t. ellioti consists of fruits, but leaves, cattle, and smaller animals are also eaten. Smaller monkeys are probably also captured and eaten. 

As tools, it uses stone hammers to crack nuts and sticks to lure bees, ants, or termites from nests. In this, it differs from the chimpanzees east of the Ivory Coast, which do not have this culture.

Chimpanzees are our closest relatives. They are extremely social animals, living together in groups and supporting each other. Chimpanzees are very intelligent apes that recognize themselves in the mirror and use tools. They They are active during the day and search in trees for fruits, seeds, leaves, barks, honey, flowers and insects. Chimpanzee habitats are being threatened and pushed back by climate change, rainforest deforestation, and steady population growth.